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a. insurances b. distract
late for the appointment.
µ³º±Ä¬Ãı÷
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b. installations c. refrain
ºÅ½®³¹
a. hunt
(ÇÁ·¼±Ä¹º®) ´Ì÷
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c. installments d. proceed
(º¹½·ÄÌ) µ¼ÀÌ´¹¿
b. hurdle
Ä̺¿Â
d. interests
º±¼À¿ÍÁ±
c. hump
93. I ll never forget the details of that
ÀÁ¿±¯Ã¸·¼±
d. hunch
86. If you drink a glass of water, your day; they are in my mind.
³Á±Ä¶¿Å½¯¶É
may just stop. a. scratched
100. For justice to be served, a trial
»Ì¾Å³³±Â
DZÁ¬ÃÃÉ, »±¾µÍÉ
a. hiccups b. carved
ÅÀ±¹½¹³¼Ì / ÅÀÌ´µ¹¾·
DZÁ±³¼½¿Â ÃÄ· ¼½®¼· ¼¿Å must be fair and .
b. hints c. etched
±ÅÄ¿ÃÇ´¹¿Â, ÀÁÌǵ¹Á¿Â
a. impromptu
±À¿Ä±¼¯µÅ÷ / ¿¹º¿½¿¼¯µÂ
DZ»¹½±³É³Î, µ»³ÇÉ
c. hoards d. curbed
±¼µÁÌ»·ÀÄ¿Â, ±ÀÁ¿º¬»ÅÀÄ¿Â
ÆÌÁ¿Â Ĺ¼®Â b. impartial
d. homage
c. congenial µÅǬÁ¹ÃÄ¿Â, ÃżÀ±¸·Ä¹ºÌÂ
94. And then John got really mad.
87. The vegetation allowed He probably doesn t appreciate d. prosperous À¿Å µÅ·¼µÁµ¯ / µÅ½¿ÊºÌÂ
many birds to find shelter in the such jokes.
º±ÁÀµÁÌÂ, ³Ì½¹¼¿Â
nature reserve. a. prolific
¼±Ãį³¹¿
ÀÁÉÄ̳¿½¿Â
a. lash b. primitive
À̸¿Â
¬¾µÃÄ¿Â / ±º±ÄÁ³±ÃÄ¿Â
b. lust c. crude
À¿»Í²»±ÃÄ¿Â
¬³Á¹¿Â, ÀÁÉÄ̳¿½¿Â
c. lush d. savage
»¿ÅÁ¯ (úͻ¿Å)
d. leash
Vocabulary Score: .........../40
20
READING 1
101. The liver is...
The adult human liver normally weighs between 1.3 -
a. oval in shape.
3.0 kilograms, and is a soft, pinkish-brown boomerang
b. to the right of the diaphragm.
shaped organ. It is the second largest organ (the largest
c. underneath another organ.
organ being the skin) and the largest gland within the
d. slightly lighter than the largest organ.
human body. Its anatomical position in the body is
101
immediately under the diaphragm on the right side of the
102. What allows the liver to regenerate itself?
upper abdomen. The liver lies on the right of the stomach
a. It receives blood from two main sources.
and makes a kind of bed for the gallbladder. The liver is
b. It has cells which can break into two cells.
supplied by two main blood vessels on its right lobe: the c. Unipotential cells behave like another type of cell.
d. Hepatocytes process nutrients, thereby
hepatic artery and the portal vein, which brings venous
producing more cells.
blood from the spleen, pancreas, and small intestines, so
that the liver can process the nutrients and byproducts of
103. The double-layered membrane...
food digestion.
a. allows the liver to process substances.
The liver is among the few internal human organs
b. protects the liver from potential damage from
capable of natural regeneration of lost tissue; as little as
other organs.
25% of remaining liver can regenerate into a whole liver
c. is a thin layer which completely covers the liver.
again. This is predominantly due to the hepatocytes acting
d. functions better because of its connection to the
as unipotential stem cells (i.e. a single hepatocyte can
diaphragm.
102
divide into two hepatocyte daughter cells).
Apart from a patch where it connects to the diaphragm,
104. In the fetus, the liver...
the liver is covered entirely by a thin, double-layered
a. receives food from the mother.
103
membrane that reduces friction against other organs.
b. seems to perform no useful function.
In the growing fetus, a major source of blood to the
c. fulfils a specific function only until the baby is
liver is the umbilical vein which supplies nutrients to the born.
d. functions much in the same way as it would in an
growing fetus. The umbilical vein enters the abdomen at
adult.
the umbilicus, and passes upward along the free margin
of the falciform ligament of the liver to the inferior surface
105. What is true of the umbilical vein?
of the liver. There it joins with the left branch of the portal
105
a. It carries nutrients from the developing fetus.
vein. In the fetus, the liver is developing throughout normal
b. The blood it carries flows into the portal vein.
gestation, and does not perform the normal filtration of the
c. It assists the undeveloped liver in digesting food.
infant liver. The liver does not perform digestive processes
d. It does not actually pass through the fetus.
104 because the fetus does not consume meals directly, but
receives nourishment from the mother via the placenta.
The fetal liver releases some blood stem cells that migrate
to the fetal thymus, so initially the lymphocytes, called T-
cells, are created from fetal liver stem cells. Once the fetus
is delivered, the formation of blood stem cells in infants
shifts to the red bone marrow.
21
READING 2
106. How did the Nazis interpret Nietzsche s will to
Nietzsche is considered to be one of the greatest modern
power ?
philosophers, most famous for his ideas concerning the
a. as an extension of Schopenhauer s philosophy
will to power . The concept of the will to power in
b. as way to survive
106
Nietzsche s thought has had many interpretations, most
c. not correctly
notoriously its misappropriation by the Nazis, which
d. in a way that allowed them to justify defeat
amounts to its characterization as a desire for and of
power ( power here specifically denoting the more 107. What is the connection between Schopenhauer s
will to live and Nietzsche s will to power ?
limited concept of dominance ). To understand the will to
a. The latter was a development of the former.
power, one must first of all take into account Nietzsche s
b. There is very little connection.
background and criticism of Arthur Schopenhauer.
c. They are in opposition.
Schopenhauer posited a will to live, in which living things
d. The former was a response the latter.
were motivated by sustaining and developing their own
lives. Nietzsche instead posited a will to power, a significant
108. According to Nietzsche, what motivates us?
107
point of contrast to Schopenhauer s idea, in which living
a. a need to live
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