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16. A good summary of this passage would be:
a. Simple strategies can make tax time less taxing.
b. Don t procrastinate at tax time.
c. Always keep good records.
d. Get a tax attorney.
17. According to the passage, who should use the shorter tax form?
a. Everybody.
b. People who do not have complicated finances.
c. People who do have complicated finances.
d. People who wait until the last minute to file taxes.
18. The sentence The single most important strategy is to keep accurate
records is a:
a. fact
b. opinion
c. both
d. neither
19. Which is the most effective underlining of the following passage?
a. You can also save time by reading the directions carefully. This
will prevent time-consuming errors. Finally, if your taxes are
relatively simple (you don t have itemized deductions or special
investments), use the shorter tax form. It s only one page, and if
your records are in order, it can be completed in less than an
hour.
b. You can also save time by reading the directions carefully. This
will prevent time-consuming errors. Finally, if your taxes are
relatively simple (you don t have itemized deductions or special
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investments), use the shorter tax form. It s only one page, and if
your records are in order, it can be completed in less than an
hour.
c. You can also save time by reading the directions carefully. This will
prevent time-consuming errors. Finally, if your taxes are relatively
simple (you don t have itemized deductions or special invest-
ments), use the shorter tax form. It s only one page, and if your
records are in order, it can be completed in less than an hour.
d. You can also save time by reading the directions carefully. This will
prevent time-consuming errors. Finally, if your taxes are relatively
simple (you don t have itemized deductions or special invest-
ments), use the shorter tax form. It s only one page, and if your
records are in order, it can be completed in less than an hour.
PASSAGE 2
The following passage is excerpted from Jane Jacobs s 1961 book, The
Death and Life of Great American Cities. The paragraphs are numbered to
make the questions easier to follow.
(1) A city sidewalk by itself is nothing. It is an abstraction. It means
something only in conjunction with the buildings and other uses that
border it, or border other sidewalks very near it. The same might be
said of streets, in the sense that they serve other purposes besides
carrying wheeled traffic in their middles. Streets and their sidewalks,
the main public places of a city, are its most vital organs. Think of a
city and what comes to mind? Its streets. If a city s streets look inter-
esting, the city looks interesting; if they look dull, the city looks dull.
(2)More than that, and here we get down to the first problem, if a
city s streets are safe from barbarism and fear, the city is thereby toler-
ably safe from barbarism and fear. When people say that a city, or a
part of it, is dangerous or is a jungle, what they mean primarily is that
they do not feel safe on the sidewalks.
(3) But sidewalks and those who use them are not passive benefi-
ciaries of safety or helpless victims of danger. Sidewalks, their border-
ing uses, and their users, are active participants in the drama of
civilization versus barbarism in cities. To keep the city safe is a funda-
mental task of a city s streets and its sidewalks.
POST-TEST
215
(4) This task is totally unlike any service that sidewalks and streets
in little towns or true suburbs are called upon to do. Great cities are
not like towns, only larger. They are not like suburbs, only denser.
They differ from towns and suburbs in basic ways, and one of these is
that cities are, by definition, full of strangers. . . .
(5) The bedrock attribute of a successful city district is that a person
must feel personally safe and secure on the street among all these
strangers. He must not feel automatically menaced by them. A city
district that fails in this respect also does badly in other ways and lays
up for itself, and for its city at large, mountain on mountain of trouble.
20. According to the passage, cities are different from towns because:
a. they are much bigger
b. they have crowded streets
c. most people are unfriendly
d. most people are strangers
21. According to the passage, a city district is successful if:
a. its streets are clean
b. people feel safe on the streets
c. people feel safe in their houses
d it feels like the suburbs
22. The word menaced (paragraph 5) means:
a. threatened
b. disliked
c. rejected
d. nervous
23. According to the passage, the state of a city sidewalk shows:
a. the neglect of the people who live on that block
b. the politicians who govern that district of the city
c. the health of that part of the city
d. the battle between safety and danger
e. (a) and (d)
24. A good paraphrase of the last sentence in paragraph 1 is:
a. Cities can look both interesting and dull.
b. Look carefully at city streets and sidewalks.
c. A city is reflected in its streets.
d. Avoid dull city streets.
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25. A good glossing of paragraph 2 would be:
a. streets need to be safe for city to be safe.
b. city is a jungle.
c. people don t feel safe on streets.
d. city streets are the problem.
26. Based on the passage, what would you expect the next few para-
graphs to do?
a. provide examples of safe city streets
b. offer ideas for how to keep sidewalks clean
c. offer ideas for how to work with local politicians to keep streets
safe
d. provide examples of the kinds of problems cities face when
streets are unsafe
27. According to the passage, the city:
a. is a jungle
b. is defined by its streets
c. is menacing
d. is more dense than suburbs
28. The word barbarism in paragraph 2 means:
a. criminals
b. rudeness
c. brutality
d. danger
29. The tone of this passage suggests that:
a. People underestimate the role of city streets.
b. People spend too much time on sidewalks and streets.
c. People need to take better care of sidewalks.
d. Sidewalks are a serious problem in cities.
30. The main idea of paragraph 3 is which sentence?
a. But sidewalks and those who use them are not passive beneficia-
ries of safety or helpless victims of danger.
b. Sidewalks, their bordering uses, and their users, are active
participants in the drama of civilization versus barbarism in
cities.
c. To keep the city safe is a fundamental task of a city s streets and
its sidewalks.
POST-TEST
217
ANSWER KEY
Question Answer Chapter
1. e 1
2. b 3
3. a 6
4. b 6
5. c 8
6. d 8
7. c 6
8. c 16, 17
9. a 19
10. d 16
11. a 6
12. c 11
13. b 16
14. d 2
15. c 7
16. a 8, 19
17. b 2
18. b 12
19. c 8
20. d 2
21. b 2
22. a 4
23. c 2
24. c 19
25. a 8
26. d 11, 19
27. b 2
28. c 4
29. a 18
30. c 6
APPENDIX A:
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
eading is like exercise: If you don t keep doing
it, you ll get out of shape. Like muscles that grow stronger
Rwith each repetition, your reading skills will grow stronger
and stronger with each text that you read actively. But if you stop work-
ing out, your reading muscles will deteriorate, and you may find your-
self struggling with material that you could have easily understood
several months ago.
So don t stop now! You ve really just begun. Understanding and
remembering what you read are skills to build throughout your lifetime.
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TIPS FOR CONTINUING TO IMPROVE YOUR
READING SKILLS
Here are several ways you can continue to strengthen your reading skills:
" Read! Read anything and everything books, newspapers, maga-
zines, novels, and poems. The more you read, the better. Set your-
self a reading goal: one book a month, two books while you re on
vacation, a half hour of reading every night before bed. There s a
list of suggested books at the end of this section; try some.
" Tell others about what you read. Summarize the main ideas of
whatever you read for someone who might be interested.
" Take notes on what you read. You should always take notes, but
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